Edentata

References

Barlow, J. C. 1984. Xenarthrans and pholidotes. Pages 219-239 in Orders and Families of Recent Mammals of the World. (S. Anderson and J. K. Jones, Jr., eds). John Wiley and Sons, N.Y.

Cartelle, C. and G. DeIuliis. 1995. Eremotherium laurillardi: The Panamerican late pleistocene megatheriid sloth. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15: 830-841.

De Iuliis, G. 1994. Relationships of the Megatheriinae, Nothrotheriinae, and Planopsinae - some skeletal characteristics and their importance for phylogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14:577-591.

De Iuliis, G. and C. Cartelle. 1999. A new giant megatheriine ground sloth (Mammalia : Xenarthra : Megatheriidae) from the late Blancan to early Irvingtonian of Florida. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 127:495-515.

Delsuc, F., F. M. Catzeflis, M. J. Stanhope and E. J. P. Douzery. 2001. The evolution of armadillos, anteaters and sloths depicted by nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies: implications for the status of the enigmatic fossil Eurotamandua. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 268:1605-1615.

Delsuc, F., M. Scally, O. Madsen, M. J. Stanhope, W. W. de Jong, F. M. Catzeflis, M. S. Springer and E. J. P. Douzery. 2002. Molecular phylogeny of living xenarthrans and the impact of character and taxon sampling on the placental tree rooting. Molecular Biology and Evolution 19:1656-1671.

Delsuc, F., M. J. Stanhope and E. J. P. Douzery. 2003. Molecular systematics of armadillos (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae): contribution of maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 28(2):261-275.

Gaudin, T. J. 1995. The ear region of edentates and the phylogeny of the Tardigrada (Mammalia, Xenarthra). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15:672-705.

Gaudin, T. J. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships among sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada): the craniodental evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 140(2):255-305.

Höss, M., A. Dilling, A. Currant, and S. Päabo. 1996. Molecular phylogeny of the extinct ground sloth Mylodon darwinii. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 93:181-185.

Montgomery, G. G., ed. 1985. The Evolution and Ecology of Armadillos, Sloths, and Vermilinguas. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.

Nowak, R.M. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World. Sixth Edition. Volume I. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.

Rose, K. D. and R. J. Emry. 1993. Relationships of Xenarthra, Pholidota, and fossil "edentates": the morphological evidence. Pages 81-102 in Mammal Phylogeny. Volume 2. Placentals. (F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek, and M. C. McKenna, eds.) Springer Verlag, New York.

van Dijk, M. A. M., E. Paradis, F. Catzeflis, and W. W. de Jong. 1999. The virtues of gaps: Xenarthran (Edentate) monophyly supported by a unique deletion in alpha A-crystallin. Systematic Biology 48:94-106.

Information on the Internet

• Order Xenarthra. Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology.
• Xenarthra.Org.
• Ground Sloths. Illinois State Museum.
• Armadillo Online.